Hair-curling apparatus



23, 1929. RSANTURELLQ 1,709,918

HAIR CURLING APPARATUS Filed July 29, 1927 Patented Apr. 23, 1929.

PETER SANTURELLO,

eans an. caret.

F COLUMBUS, OHIO.

HAIR-CURLING APPARATU S.

Application filed July 29,

hair upon a mandrel as a pre iminary step in the process of dressing hair to produce what is known as a permanent wave effect, and an outstanding object of the invention is to provide means whereby the curling operation may be rapidly accomplished in a satisfactory and uniform manner without injury to the patron, damaging the hair or requiring the services of a highly trained operator.

Another object of the invention isthe provision of a positive, effective and easily manipulated gripping and locking device provided in connection with the mandrel for quickly and securely attaching the latter to a lock of hair adjacent the scalp.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the device that when the hair is being wrapped spirally and tightly around the mandrel the operation will be carried out without pulling the hair of the patron so as'to cause physical discomfort.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a device for mechanically winding hair about a mandrel in a taut helically applied manner to produce uniform, lasting and equally tensioned curls and wherein all parts of the hair thus wrapped around the mandrel will be under substantially equal tensional strains.

A further object of the invention resides in the provision of a holder for the reception of the curl producing devices, sa1d holder being in the nature of a magazine permitting of the accommodation of a number of the curl devices for the'purpose of expediting the successive wrappin operations.

Other important features 0 the invention will appear as the description progresses and will be more particularly defined in the appended claims. The various objects may be obtained by the embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein similar reference characters designate similar parts and wherein: v

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a hair 1927. Serial No. 209,378.

curling mandrel and wrapping device '50 formed in accordance with the present in-' vention,

Figure 2 is a similar view showing the magazine holder in a slightly different position from that disclosed in Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the mandrel and the curling sleeve,

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional View taken through the magazine holder showing a plurality of the curling sleeve. arranged 0 therein,

Figure 5 is a view in front elevation of the holder-and an associated curling sleeve Figure 6 is a detail perspective view 0 one end of the holder showing the spiral re- 05 cess formation in one end thereof,

Figure 7 is a perspective view of a curling sleeve,

Figure 8 is a detail pers ective view of the extension element use in connection 7 with said sleeve,

Figure 9 is a similar view of the sleeve with the extension element .applied thereto,

Figure 10 is an end elevation of said sleeve, l

Figure 11 is a detail cross-sectional view taken through the locking head of the mandrel, showing said head in an open or releasing position,

Figure 12 is a similar View showing the 30 head in a closed or locking position,

Figure 13 is a vertical longitudinal sec tional view taken through the locking head.

Referring more particularly to the drawings there has been shown a mandrel 1, 35 which is preferably of hollow cylindrical construction, but which obviously may have any desired cross-sectional shape and dimensions of any convenient magnitude. Attached to one end of the mandrel 1 is a 90 gripping and locking device or head for -securing the mandrel to-a lock of hair in close proximity to the scalp.

. This gripping device consists of a metallic casing formed to comprise spaced disk like plates 22, united by a peripheral wall 3. The plates 22 and the walls 3 are provided with a radial slot 4 formed to include curved side walls, as shown more particularly in Figures 11 and 12. The mandrel 1 is rotatably mounted in connection with the plates 2 and in this instance is provided with a spiral locking spring or member 5, and the construction is such that upon effecting relative rotation on the part of the mandrel and the locking device the spring may be rotated from the position disclosed in Figure llto that disclosed in Figure 12. When the parts are positioned as in Figure 11 a tuft or lock of hair may be positioned in the open slot without interference on the part of the spring. However, upon rotating-the locking head in the mandrel relatively the spring will be moved to assume the closed or clamping position indicated in Figure 12,

wherein it will be observed that the inner convolution of the spring will be brought adjacent to the mandrel so as to frictionally grip and clamp the hair in a securely confined manner between said spring and said mandrel, thus providing a secure anchorage, as it were, between the hair and the mandrel, which relieves strain on the scalp and perunits the hair to be tightly and tautly wrapped in helical convolutions longitudinally around the mandrel without discomfort to the patron. The outer end of the locking headtmay be provided with a pad as at (5 so as to prevent the metallic part of the device contacting with the scalp and to avoid any discomfort to the patron when the de vice is subsequently heated to set the, curl or wave. I

Totightly curl or wrap the hair around the mandrel use is made of a primary winder 7 and a handle or secondary winder 8. llhc handle is formed to include an elongated tubular cylindrical body of sheet metal or the like of suitable diameter so that it may be'readily gripped by the hand and rotaitpld e winder is of sufficient lengthto receive a plurality of the primary winders 7, as shown in Figure 4, and in this manner the handle serves as amagazine permitting of the retention therein of a suitable number of the primary winders which are so arranged that the same may be used successively upon different mandrels, thus providing a convenient means for retaining the rather small primary winders preventing the same from becoming lost or misplaced and atthe same time providing for a more systematic and rapid operation.

Each of the primary winders comprises I a tubular metallic body having the forward minates in a transverse helical face end thereofformed to include a longitudinally extending shoulder 9 and a substantially spiral facelO and internally the wind-v er is formed to include at its forward end a relatively enlarged chamber 11 which ter- 152.. The forward part of the winder is formed to extending holder 8. To the rear of the rib 13 each of i of the holder.

include a longitudinall extending rib 13, which is receivable wit in alongitudinally slot 14; formed in the tubular the winders terminate in a split clamping body 15, which is adapted to frictionally engage with the walls of the mandrel 1 so asto resist sliding movement thereon.

The tubular holder at its forwardend is formed to include a helical slot ltiinto which the tuft or hair is initially received, and upon rotating the holder it will be seen that the hair tuft will be forced toward the inner or rear part of the slot 16 and thence to engagement with the spiral face 10 and shoulder 9 of the winder 7Q By this construction when the holder is rotated the winder is rotated in unison therewith and the hair is wrapped helically-in tight successive layerauniformly tcnsioned, around the mandrel, the winder and bolder being moved longitudinally outwardly as the hair is wound around the mandrel, this being accomplished by the engagement of the hair with the helical face 12 of the winder Rearward movement of the winder in the forward part of the holder is prevented by the provision of a leaf spring 17, which is carried by the holder and projects through a slot '18 formed therein so that the free end of the spring will engage normally with an annular shoulder 19 provided upon the exterior surface of the winder. At the open end of the holder there is a spring 20 which includes an inturned portion 21 so disposed as to prevent the winders arranged within the holder from dropping out when the holder is manipulated. It will be understood that the ribs ,13 of the winders project through the longitudinal slot 14.- and may be engaged by the thumb of the operator so as to-be advanced successively into an operating position within the front end Additional ribs 22 may be formed exteriorly of the holder to facilitate the grip of the operator when the device is being rotated. A. furrow 23 is formed on the rear end of the holder to strengthen the latter and to overcome the weakness therein provided by the slot 14. After the hair has been thus wrapped on the mandrel the holder is removed together with the inactive primary winders, if any of such winders are left within the holder, and the free end of the hair is held clamped by the active winder remaining on the mandrel, which grip the free ends of the hair and prevent their accidental removal there of or unwrapping from their tautly wound position on the mandrel. The wrapped hair is then covered with a liquid saturated cloth body and the mandrel is inserted in a heating unit, preferably of the electric resistance type shown in my copending appiication Serial Number 209,379 filing date llO July 29, 1927 in order to steam or heat treat the hair for a'requisite period of timeto insure the desired set of the curl.

From the foregoing descriptionit will be apparent, that I have produced a device which may be employed for curling hair in a minimum time period and in a uniform and systematic manner. The invention in addition to greatly reducing the time also does more satisfactory work, requires less skill than other processes, curls the ends of the hair, subjects all parts of the hair to substantially the same strain, eliminates strings and the inconvenience and damage attending their use and secures other desirable results apparent to those skilled in the art.

What is claimed is 1. In a hair waving apparatus, the combination of a mandrel, a recessed casing rotatabl mounted on one end of said mandrel or attaching thelatter to a lock of hair in close proximity to the root ends thereof, and a helical device secured to said mandrel and positioned within said casing to frictionally engage and clamp in locked relationship therewith the lock of hair extending through the recessed portion of said casing.

2. A hair waving device of the class described comprising a mandrel, means for attaching said mandrel to-a lock of hair in close proximity to the root ends thereof comprising a casing arranged on one end of said mandrel and rotatable relatively thereto, and a helical device carried by said mandrel and movable across the recesses provided in said casing to frictionally' grip the hair between said device and said mandrel without twisting the hair.

3. Ina hair Waving apparatus, the combination of a mandrel, means for positioning one end of said mandrel adjacent to the root end of a lock of hair on the scalp embod ing a head rotatably mounted on one end of said mandrel and having a hair receiving recess formed therein, and means movable in unison with said mandrel to lock the hair within said recess by a direct inward radial movement without placing the hair under tension through rotation or twisting thereof.

4. In a hair waving device, a mandrel, a head arranged at one end of said mandrel .and provided with a radial recess for the reception of a lock of hair, and helical clamping means rotatable within said head for drawing the hair into the inner part of said recess and clamping the same to said mandrel.

5. In hair waving apparatus, a mandrel,

a head arranged upon one end of said mandrel and provided with a radial recess for the reception of a lock of hair, and a helical clamping member movableacross the recess in said head to frictionally engage and clamp the hair disposed therein, said helical member functioning to force the hair into the inner part of said recess and to thereby clamp the hair without placing the same under tensile-stress by twisting or pulling the same. I

6. In hair curling apparatus, a mandrel, a head revoluble upon one end of said 'mandrel, said head being provided with a radial recess and a helical clamping spring carried by sald mandrel and arranged within said head, said spring upon relatiye rotation of said head and mandrel being movable across the recess of said head to clamp the hair extending therethrough in locked engagement with said mandrel.

7 In a hair waving apparatus, the combination of a mandrel, of a winder for curling strands of hair around said mandrel, and a magazine holder for rotating said Winder and formed to permit of its withdrawal from said winder after'a curling operation.

8. In a hair curling apparatus, the combination of a mandrel embodying means for positioning one end thereof in close proximity to the root ends of a lock of hair on the scalp, of a winder for curling said lock of hairaround said mandrel, and an enlarged holder for receivingsaid winder and facilitating its rotation.

9. In a hair curling apparatus, the combination of a member about which a strand of hair is to be wound, a device for winding said strand of hair spirally around said member, and a magazine holder for said device,

said holder beingof such form as to facilitate the rotation of said device and to permit of the accommodation therein of a plurality 'of said devices. 7

10. In hair waving apparatus, a mandrel, a winder rotatably and slidably mounted upon said mandrel and a, holder for receiving said winder and rotating the same, said holder and winder being provided with complemental hair guiding and wrapping surfaces.

11. In a hair wavin bination of a mandrel, one end of said mandrel for locking a hair bunch thereto, av winder rotatably and slidably mounted upon said winder, a holder for the reception of said mandrel complemental and helical hairguiding and receiving surfaces provided in connection with said winder and holder for helically applying the hair around said mandrel, and inter-' locking connections between said winder and said holder admitting of unitary rotation thereof.

12. In hair waving apparatus, a mandrel, a winder rotatably and slidably mounted upon said mandrel and a holder for receiving said winder and rotating the same, said holder and winder being provided with apparatus, the com complemental hair guiding and wrapping surfaces, and means formed upon said a holder and winder for holding said surfaces of the winder and the holder in operation alignedwith each other.

13. In a hair waving apparatus, the combinatian of a mandrel, means provided at one end of said mandrel for looking a bunch of hair thereto, a winder rotatably and slid- 10 ably mounted upon said mandrel, a magazine holder for said winder formed with an open ended longitudinal slot in its side wall, said holder being of a length sons to accommodate therein a plurality of saidwinders, and a. longitudinal rib provided upon each of said winders and arranged to be received within the slot of said holder.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

PETER SANTURELL'O. 

